آموزش مقدماتی تا پیشرفته زبان انگلیسی با ویدیوهای English Today - فصل 16 قسمت 4

The Third Conditional
شرطی نوع سوم(if)

(نوع اول)
If + Present simple, Future 'will'
If+S+V(present)… , S+will+verb….

If I see him, I tell him.

(نوع دوم)
If + past simple + would + infinitive
If + S + v(past) +.., S + would + infinitive +…

If I saw him, I would tell him.

(نوع سوم)
If I had seen him, I would have told him.

شرطی نوع اول : درس 13
شرطی نوع دوم : درس 14
شرطی نوع سوم : درس 16

سومین ساختار شرطی در انگلیسی زمانی استفاده می شود که اتفاقی در گذشته افتاده و سر پشیمانی آرزو میکنیم کاش اتفاق به شکل دیگری می افتاد اما امکان تغییر وجود ندارد. برای ساخت آن در clause شرطی(بند قبل از کاما) از past perfect استفاده می کنیم و در clause نتیجه از would have PP
میتوان این clause ها را به شکل منفی نیز استفاده کرد.

If + S + had +PP+…, S + would have + PP +…
If + S + had +PP+…, S + could have + PP +…
If + S + had +PP+…, S + might have + PP +…

If I had bought the house, I would have been happier now.
اگه خونه رو خریده بودم الان شادتر بودم.

If I hadn't gone to the party, I would have gone to bed early.
اگه به مهمونی نرفته بودم زودتر میخوابیدم.

If she hadn't drunk too much wine, she wouldn't have had such a bad headache.
اگه بیش از حد مشروب نخورده بودم اینقد سردرد بد نداشتم.

If I had remembered to set the alarm, I wouldn't have woken up late.
If I had got up earlier, I would have caught the bus.
If he hadn't miss the bus, his boss wouldn't have been so annoyed.
If I studied more, I would passed the exam.